latest to run container

sudo docker run --privileged -it -v /var/lib/docker/volumes/fusiondata/_data:/home/fusion debian /bin/bash

Pull premade docker image

docker pull yashuop/fusionguibuildcontainer:latest

Run container

sudo docker run --privileged -it -v /var/lib/docker/volumes/fusiondata/_data:/home/fusion fusionbuild1 /bin/bash

i want to make a custom linux distribution based on debain bookworm with live build tool please help me with that distribution usecase : for ai, ml /ds engineers based on : debain 12 bookworm installer : Calamares

desktop environment : no desktop environment i want i3 window manager preinstalled features : usb persisteance when boot through usb (that is memory must not loose after rebooting it) every where it should replace debain as Fusion flux as an Distribution name iso : 64bit amd64 iso

prerequisites

To create a custom Linux distribution using the Live Build tool (commonly used for Debian-based distributions like Debian, Ubuntu, and their derivatives), you need to install several prerequisite packages. Here’s a list of essential packages and a basic step-by-step guide for setting up the environment.

Prerequisites for Using `live-build`:

Debian/Ubuntu-based System: Ensure you are working on a Debian or Ubuntu system, as live-build is designed for these distributions.
Install Required Packages:
Open a terminal and run the following command to install the required tools:
```
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install live-build debootstrap curl wget xorriso syslinux squashfs-tools genisoimage
```
- live-build: The core tool to create live images.
- debootstrap: Helps in creating a minimal base system (required for bootstrapping a Debian system).
- curl/wget: For downloading additional files or packages during the build process.
- xorriso: A command-line ISO 9660 editor and CD image creation tool, needed for making ISO files.
- syslinux: For booting the system; used to configure boot loaders like ISOLINUX.
- squashfs-tools: Tools to create a compressed filesystem, which is commonly used in live images.
- genisoimage: Tool for creating the actual ISO image.
Optional Packages: Depending on the complexity of the custom distribution, you may need additional packages:
- apt-cacher-ng: If you plan to cache packages during repeated builds.
```
sudo apt-get install apt-cacher-ng
```
- git: To manage repositories or pull specific configuration files.
```
sudo apt-get install git
```
- locales: To manage system locales if you want to customize them.
```
sudo apt-get install locales
```
- schroot: To manage chroots if you are building in an isolated environment.
```
sudo apt-get install schroot
```
Configure Live Build Environment:
After the necessary packages are installed, you can configure the build environment. For example:
```
lb config
```
This command sets up the default configuration for live-build. You can further customize it by adding options, such as specifying the distribution (Debian or Ubuntu version) or desktop environment.
Build the Image:
Once the environment is configured, you can start building the ISO by running:
```
sudo lb build
```

This process will generate a live ISO image that you can customize further by editing configuration files or adding packages as per your requirements.

Key Files and Directories:

config/package-lists/: You can place custom package lists here to include specific software in the build.
config/includes.chroot/: You can add custom files or scripts to be included in the final system.

By ensuring these prerequisites are installed and following the steps above, you’ll be able to create a custom Linux distribution using live-build.

0th Config file

#!/bin/sh

set -e

lb config noauto \
    --distribution bookworm \
    --architecture amd64 \
    --debian-installer false \
    --debian-installer-gui false \
    --bootappend-live "boot=live components persistence" \
    --linux-flavours amd64 \
    --iso-publisher "Fusion Flux" \
    --iso-volume "Fusion Flux Live" \
    --iso-application "Fusion Flux AI/ML Distribution" \
    --apt-indices false \
    --firmware-binary true \
    --firmware-chroot true \
    --archive-areas "main contrib non-free non-free-firmware" \
    "${@}"

1st build (basic)

Creating a custom Linux distribution based on Debian, with the ability to boot from a USB (using tools like Rufus or Ventoy) and install directly from the BIOS like other popular distributions (such as Kali), involves several steps and key configurations. Here’s a breakdown of the major components and steps you’ll need to follow:

1. Choose a Base (Debian) Version

Select the correct Debian base version (e.g., Debian 11 “Bullseye” or 12 “Bookworm”).
Make sure to use the amd64 architecture as you mentioned.

2. Debian Live Build System

Use Debian live-build tools, which are designed for creating live systems and installing them.
- Install the live-build tool to generate the ISO:
```
sudo apt-get install live-build
```
- Live-build allows customization of the system, including packages, scripts, and configurations, which you need for the live boot and installation.

3. Configure the Live Boot

The live boot system is essential for creating an image that can be tested in live mode (before installation).

Steps:

Create a working directory:
```
mkdir custom-linux
cd custom-linux
```
Start the live build process with a minimal Debian system template:
```
lb config --architecture amd64
```

Customize configurations:

Set up live boot settings (optional configurations can be added in the auto/config file):

lb config \
--distribution bullseye \
--architecture amd64 \
--debian-installer true \
--bootappend-live "boot=live components" \
--iso-publisher "YourLinux v1.0" \
--iso-volume "YourLinux" \
--iso-application "YourLinux Live Installer"

Generate the live image:
```
sudo lb build
```

This will create an .iso file, which you can use with Rufus or Ventoy to boot into a live session.

4. Include a Debian Installer

To install the OS from the BIOS directly (as is done with Kali Linux), you need to enable the Debian installer.
- You can enable the Debian installer using the --debian-installer true option in live-build as shown above.
- This ensures that your custom OS includes a full installation option alongside the live boot.

5. Custom Packages and Pre-installed Software

Use the packages.chroot file to specify the software you want installed in the live system (and also installed post-install).

Example: Add specific software packages to the live system like this:

echo "kali-linux-default" >> config/package-lists/custom.list.chroot
echo "gnome-core" >> config/package-lists/custom.list.chroot
echo "curl" >> config/package-lists/custom.list.chroot

6. Custom Branding (Optional)

Add custom logos, backgrounds, and boot menus.
Modify the boot menu using GRUB configuration in /config/bootloaders/grub or the grub-pc package for BIOS compatibility.

7. BIOS Compatibility

Make sure your ISO is hybrid (so it works for both BIOS and UEFI systems). You can achieve this by ensuring your lb config command uses the --debian-installer true option.
Hybrid ISO configurations will make the boot media compatible across different systems, including BIOS and UEFI boot modes.
Verify the ISO can be booted using Rufus and Ventoy in both MBR and GPT partition schemes.

8. Persistent Storage (Optional)

If you want the live boot environment to support persistence (i.e., save changes to the USB), enable persistence via custom configurations:
- Modify the boot command line (in syslinux or grub):
```
boot=live components persistence
```
- The persistence file or partition needs to be named properly (e.g., persistence.conf in the root of the USB drive).

9. Testing and Debugging

Test your custom live image on virtual machines like VirtualBox or QEMU.
Boot the ISO with tools like Rufus, Ventoy, or BalenaEtcher to verify it works both in live mode and installation mode.
Ensure that the system installs correctly and that custom packages/software are properly configured post-installation.

10. Optional Tools for Simplified Building

Refracta Tools: If live-build feels complex, you can use Refracta tools. They simplify the process of creating a live system and installer. These tools can create a live ISO and provide an easy-to-use graphical installer.
Install Refracta Tools:
```
sudo apt-get install refractasnapshot refractainstaller refractainstaller-base
```

11. ISO Testing and Finalization

Ensure the ISO is well-tested on multiple devices with different BIOS and UEFI settings.
Verify boot compatibility on different systems (BIOS/UEFI) using tools like Rufus or Ventoy for creating bootable USBs.

Additional Considerations:

File system support: Ensure the system supports ext4, Btrfs, or other file systems commonly used on Linux.
Secure Boot support: If needed, configure secure boot support for UEFI systems.
Kernel options: Customize the kernel if specific features or drivers are needed.
Documentation: Provide good documentation for users who will install your custom distro, especially if it has unique tools or configurations.

Example of a Customized Command for Building:

lb config \
--architecture amd64 \
--debian-installer true \
--distribution bullseye \
--bootappend-live "boot=live components persistence" \
--iso-application "Custom Linux OS" \
--iso-publisher "YourOS Publisher" \
--iso-volume "YourOS Installer" \
--debian-installer true \
--mirror-bootstrap "http://deb.debian.org/debian/" \
--archive-areas "main contrib non-free"

This process will create a Debian-based custom ISO with live boot and installation options, BIOS/UEFI compatibility, and custom software configurations.

2nd via prompt

To create a custom Linux distribution based on Debian 12 “Bookworm” using the live-build tool, tailored for AI, ML/DS engineers, and using the i3 window manager without a desktop environment, here’s how you can go about it. You also want the installer to be Calamares, with USB persistence support and custom branding replacing Debian with the name Fusion Flux.

Below are the detailed steps to guide you through the process:

1. Install Required Tools

First, you need to install the necessary tools on your build machine (which should ideally be a Debian 12 “Bookworm” system):

sudo apt update
sudo apt install live-build calamares git

live-build: Tool for building live systems (ISO images).
calamares: A modular installer framework.

2. Set Up the Build Directory

Create a new directory for your custom distribution:

mkdir fusion-flux
cd fusion-flux

3. Configure Live Build

You’ll need to configure live-build to create your base system with i3, custom branding, persistence, and other features.

Base Configuration Command:

Run the following command to set the basic options for the live-build system:

lb config \
--distribution bookworm \
--architecture amd64 \
--debian-installer false \
--debian-installer-gui false \
--bootappend-live "boot=live components persistence" \
--linux-flavours amd64 \
--iso-publisher "Fusion Flux" \
--iso-volume "Fusion Flux Live" \
--iso-application "Fusion Flux AI/ML Distribution" \
--apt-indices false \
--firmware-binary true \
--firmware-chroot true \
--archive-areas "main contrib non-free"

Here’s what each option does:

--distribution bookworm: Specifies the Debian 12 Bookworm base.
--architecture amd64: Sets 64-bit architecture.
--bootappend-live "boot=live components persistence": Enables persistence.
--debian-installer false: Disables the default Debian installer (you’ll be using Calamares instead).
--firmware-binary and --firmware-chroot: Ensures firmware is available for hardware support.
--archive-areas "main contrib non-free": Enables access to additional repositories for non-free and contrib software.

Customizing the Build:

Window Manager Configuration (i3) Create a config/package-lists/custom.list.chroot file and add the packages you want preinstalled in the system:

mkdir -p config/package-lists
echo "i3" >> config/package-lists/custom.list.chroot
echo "lightdm" >> config/package-lists/custom.list.chroot  # For a lightweight display manager
echo "xterm" >> config/package-lists/custom.list.chroot
echo "git" >> config/package-lists/custom.list.chroot
echo "python3" >> config/package-lists/custom.list.chroot
echo "python3-pip" >> config/package-lists/custom.list.chroot
echo "python3-venv" >> config/package-lists/custom.list.chroot
echo "jupyterlab" >> config/package-lists/custom.list.chroot
echo "neovim" >> config/package-lists/custom.list.chroot
echo "scikit-learn" >> config/package-lists/custom.list.chroot
echo "tensorflow" >> config/package-lists/custom.list.chroot
echo "pytorch" >> config/package-lists/custom.list.chroot

This list ensures that the i3 window manager is installed, alongside AI/ML-related tools (e.g., scikit-learn, tensorflow, pytorch, and Jupyter).

Add Calamares Installer Calamares is a modular and customizable installer used by various Linux distributions.
- In your config/package-lists/, create a list for Calamares:
```
echo "calamares" >> config/package-lists/installer.list.chroot
echo "calamares-settings-debian" >> config/package-lists/installer.list.chroot
```
- To configure Calamares, you need to create custom settings. Create the following directory:
```
mkdir -p config/includes.chroot/etc/calamares/modules
```
- You can find default configurations for Calamares modules in the Debian repository. Customize the installer for your distribution’s needs. For example, place the following configuration in the netinstall.conf for Calamares:
```
echo "
---
name: netinstall
welcome: true
pre_install:
    - initramfs-update
installation:
    - install
    - configure-base
post_install:
    - initramfs-update
" >> config/includes.chroot/etc/calamares/modules/netinstall.conf
```
Custom Branding (Replace “Debian” with “Fusion Flux”)
- Replace any Debian branding with Fusion Flux. This involves replacing logos, system messages, and installer text.
- Update the GRUB menu and any logos found in /boot/grub/themes and /usr/share/plymouth/themes to reflect your distribution’s branding.
- You can customize /etc/lsb-release to define the release version:
```
echo "DISTRIB_ID=FusionFlux" > config/includes.chroot/etc/lsb-release
echo "DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION='Fusion Flux AI/ML Distribution'" >> config/includes.chroot/etc/lsb-release
```
Persistence Configuration To ensure USB persistence, ensure the boot command includes the persistence option (already included in --bootappend-live). Additionally, when users create a live USB with persistence, they need to set up a persistence partition named persistence.
- Modify the live boot files to include support for persistence:
```
echo "/ union" > config/includes.binary/persistence.conf
```

4. Build the ISO

Once the configuration is ready, build the ISO using the following command:

sudo lb build

This will create a 64-bit amd64 ISO image in the current directory.

The build process can take some time depending on the size of the packages you’ve included.
Check for any errors or missing packages and modify config/package-lists/custom.list.chroot as needed.

5. Test Your ISO

After the build process is complete, you will have a .iso file ready for testing.

Test the ISO in VirtualBox or QEMU:

You can test the live boot and installation process using a virtual machine before trying it on real hardware. If everything works, you can create a bootable USB.

Create a Bootable USB with Persistence:

Use Rufus, Ventoy, or BalenaEtcher to create a bootable USB from the ISO.

If you are using persistence, make sure to create a second partition on the USB labeled persistence and a file named persistence.conf with the following content:

/ union

This will ensure that changes made in the live session (e.g., saved files or installed packages) are persistent.

6. Final Touches

Once your ISO is fully functional, you may want to:

Further tweak configurations for the installer.
Add more advanced AI/ML tools based on feedback from users or your own preferences.
Ensure all branding elements (logos, texts, etc.) reflect the Fusion Flux identity.

By following these steps, you will have created a custom Debian Bookworm-based Linux distribution named Fusion Flux, with i3 preinstalled, Calamares as the installer, and USB persistence. This distribution will be optimized for AI, ML, and Data Science workflows, and should work smoothly when booted from a USB or installed on a system.

3rd firmware error

I understand you’re encountering an error while building your Fusion Linux distribution. The error message indicates that the package ‘firmware-linux’ is not available. This is a common issue when working with Debian-based distributions, especially when dealing with non-free firmware. Let’s troubleshoot this step by step:

First, ensure that you have the non-free and contrib repositories enabled. In your lb config command, add the following if you haven’t already:
```
lb config --distribution bookworm --archive-areas "main contrib non-free non-free-firmware"
```
The package ‘firmware-linux’ has been replaced by more specific packages in recent Debian versions. Instead of ‘firmware-linux’, you should use ‘firmware-linux-free’ and possibly ‘firmware-linux-nonfree’. Update your package list to include these:
Edit your config/package-lists/live.list.chroot file and replace ‘firmware-linux’ with:
```
firmware-linux-free
firmware-misc-nonfree
```
Make sure your system is up to date:
```
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
```
Clean your build environment before rebuilding:
```
sudo lb clean
```
Rebuild your live system:
```
sudo lb build
```

If you’re still encountering issues, here are a few more things to try:

Check if you have the correct sources list. Create or edit the file config/archives/debian.list.chroot:

deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

If you’re behind a proxy, make sure it’s correctly configured in your build environment.
If the issue persists, you might want to try using a newer version of live-build:
```
sudo apt install live-build/bookworm-backports
```

After making these changes, clean and rebuild your system. If you’re still facing issues, please provide the full output of the build process, and I’ll be happy to help you troubleshoot further.

test with qemu

qemu-system-x86_64 -cdrom '/home/yash/Desktop/live-image-amd64.hybrid.iso' -boot d -m 3000

building and modififing chroot

Using chroot allows you to enter a filesystem environment (in this case, the filesystem of your live-build) and interact with it as if it were the root of your system. This is very useful for testing changes like adding or removing programs without having to rebuild the entire ISO.

Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to use chroot in the context of a live-build:

Steps to Use `chroot` with Live-build

Prepare the Build Environment Make sure you have your live-build setup ready, and you have at least done the lb build command once to create the base filesystem. If you haven’t built the image yet, run:
```
lb build
```
This will create a chroot/ directory in your live-build project where the root filesystem resides.
Entering the chroot Environment Once the chroot directory is ready, you can enter it:
```
sudo chroot path/to/chroot/
```
For example, if you’re in your live-build directory, it might be:
```
sudo chroot chroot/
```
Now you’re inside the filesystem as if it’s the root of your system.
Update Package Lists Inside the chroot, you’ll want to update the package list to make sure it has access to the latest repositories:
```
apt-get update
```
Installing Packages You can now install any packages you want to add to the final ISO. For example:
```
apt-get install your-package
```
Removing Packages Similarly, you can remove packages:
```
apt-get remove your-package
```
Testing and Configuring You can also modify and test configurations inside the chroot environment. You are working within the actual environment that will be part of your live system, so this allows you to test changes immediately.
Exiting the chroot Once you’re done making changes, you can simply exit the chroot environment:
```
exit
```
Repack the ISO (if needed) If you are satisfied with the changes made in the chroot, you can rebuild the binary part of the ISO (not the full rebuild) to integrate the changes:
```
lb clean --binary
lb build
```
This will regenerate the ISO but keep the same base environment, making it faster.

Additional Notes:

Mount proc, sys, and dev: Some services or scripts inside chroot may require access to /proc, /sys, or /dev. You can mount these as follows before entering chroot:
```
sudo mount -o bind /proc chroot/proc
sudo mount -o bind /sys chroot/sys
sudo mount -o bind /dev chroot/dev
```
After you’re done, unmount them:
```
sudo umount chroot/proc
sudo umount chroot/sys
sudo umount chroot/dev
```

Using chroot allows you to make changes quickly without needing to rebuild the entire image. This can save a lot of time when testing packages or configurations.

add set users, change os name , and configure calamares

1. Add default username (`fusion`) and password (`fusion`), and make `fusion` user a sudoer

You can achieve this by editing the configuration of live-build to create a user with the required credentials. You’ll modify the hooks to add the user and set up sudo permissions.

Create a chroot hook file:

mkdir -p config/hooks/live
nano config/hooks/live/01-create-user.hook.chroot

Add the following content to create the fusion user, set the password, and add it to the sudo group:

#!/bin/bash

# Add 'fusion' user with password 'fusion'
useradd -m -s /bin/bash fusion
echo 'fusion:fusion' | chpasswd

# Add 'fusion' to sudoers
echo 'fusion ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL' > /etc/sudoers.d/fusion
chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers.d/fusion

Make the hook executable:

chmod +x config/hooks/live/01-create-user.hook.chroot

2. Add root user and set the password to `root`

You can add the root password within the same hook created in Step 1 or in a separate hook file.

In the same hook file (01-create-user.hook.chroot), add the following line:
```
# Set root password to 'root'
echo 'root:root' | chpasswd
```

3. Change OS name to `fusion` instead of Debian

To rebrand the OS, you will need to modify certain files that show the OS name.

Create another hook to replace all occurrences of Debian with fusion:
```
nano config/hooks/live/02-change-os-name.hook.chroot
```

Add the following commands to replace Debian with Fusion in key files:

#!/bin/bash

# Change OS name from Debian to fusion
sed -i 's/Debian/fusion/g' /etc/issue
sed -i 's/Debian/fusion/g' /etc/os-release
sed -i 's/Debian/fusion/g' /etc/motd

Make the hook executable:

chmod +x config/hooks/live/02-change-os-name.hook.chroot

4. Auto-start Calamares installer on booting the live OS

To automatically start the Calamares installer when the live system boots, you can configure an autostart file or a systemd service.

Create a file to handle Calamares autostart:

mkdir -p config/includes.chroot/etc/xdg/autostart/
nano config/includes.chroot/etc/xdg/autostart/calamares.desktop

Add the following content to auto-start Calamares:

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Exec=calamares
Hidden=false
NoDisplay=false
X-GNOME-Autostart-enabled=true
Name=Calamares Installer
Comment=Start Calamares Installer

5. Remove Calamares installer after installing the distribution

Once the OS is installed, you will want to remove Calamares from the target system (the installed system). You can create a post-installation script for this purpose.

Create a new hook to remove Calamares after installation:

nano config/hooks/post/03-remove-calamares.hook.postinst

Add the following content to the hook to remove Calamares after the installation process:
```
#!/bin/bash

# Remove Calamares after installation
apt-get purge --yes calamares
```

Make the hook executable:

chmod +x config/hooks/post/03-remove-calamares.hook.postinst

Building the Live ISO

Once you have completed all these customizations, you can build your custom Linux distribution using the live-build tool.

First, ensure everything is set up correctly, then start the build process:
```
sudo lb build
```

This will generate the ISO for your custom Linux distribution with all the changes.

Summary of Changes

User Setup:
- fusion user is created with sudo privileges.
- root user is set up with the password root.
OS Branding:
- OS name is changed from Debian to fusion.
Installer Autostart:
- Calamares installer is set to autostart when the live system boots.
Post-Installation Cleanup:
- Calamares is removed from the system after installation to prevent it from being present in the installed system.

This setup allows you to fully customize the live distribution as per your requirements!

latest to run container

Pull premade docker image

Run container

prerequisites

Prerequisites for Using live-build:

Key Files and Directories:

0th Config file

1st build (basic)

1. Choose a Base (Debian) Version

2. Debian Live Build System

3. Configure the Live Boot

4. Include a Debian Installer

5. Custom Packages and Pre-installed Software

6. Custom Branding (Optional)

7. BIOS Compatibility

8. Persistent Storage (Optional)

9. Testing and Debugging

10. Optional Tools for Simplified Building

11. ISO Testing and Finalization

Additional Considerations:

Example of a Customized Command for Building:

2nd via prompt

1. Install Required Tools

2. Set Up the Build Directory

3. Configure Live Build

Base Configuration Command:

Customizing the Build:

4. Build the ISO

5. Test Your ISO

Test the ISO in VirtualBox or QEMU:

Create a Bootable USB with Persistence:

6. Final Touches

3rd firmware error

test with qemu

building and modififing chroot

Steps to Use chroot with Live-build

Additional Notes:

add set users, change os name , and configure calamares

1. Add default username (fusion) and password (fusion), and make fusion user a sudoer

2. Add root user and set the password to root

3. Change OS name to fusion instead of Debian

4. Auto-start Calamares installer on booting the live OS

5. Remove Calamares installer after installing the distribution

Building the Live ISO

Summary of Changes

Prerequisites for Using `live-build`:

Steps to Use `chroot` with Live-build

1. Add default username (`fusion`) and password (`fusion`), and make `fusion` user a sudoer

2. Add root user and set the password to `root`

3. Change OS name to `fusion` instead of Debian